What is a common perspective for planning and conducting military operations?

The correct answer is joint doctrine, as it provides a shared framework and guidelines for military forces from different branches to plan and execute operations collaboratively. Joint doctrine encompasses the principles and practices that guide how military operations should be conducted across the joint force, ensuring unity of effort and interoperability among different services. This shared understanding is critical in complex military operations, where coordination and integration are necessary for success.

Other options, while important in their own right, do not serve as the overarching framework for military operations. Operational tactics focus on specific approaches in combat situations, resource allocation pertains to the distribution of available assets, and strategic partnerships involve building relationships with other organizations or nations but do not encompass the full spectrum of operation planning and conduct as joint doctrine does.